What does an industrial combustion system do in fish feed drying?
An industrial combustion system supplies thermal energy to the drying process. The U.S. Department of Energy describes process heating as heat transfer from a source, such as a burner, to the material being processed. [1] In a fish feed drying system, specify the combustion package against the dryer’s process requirements, including the air-heating arrangement and heat demand.
Heatflam provides customized burners, fuel trains and control integration for industrial thermal processes. Start an application review through its industrial combustion engineering solutions, with a clear boundary between the heating package and the complete feed-production line.
Which drying conditions should determine system selection?
Fish feed research supports recipe-specific process validation. Chen and colleagues tested extruded grass carp feed in a self-developed hot-air dryer at 60–100°C and air velocities of 0.5–1.5 m/s. Under those experimental conditions, higher temperature and velocity increased the drying rate; thermal imaging also revealed localized overheating. These are research conditions, not a recommended operating range for every commercial dryer. [2]
Pacheco and colleagues studied another extruded fish feed and found a strong temperature effect but a limited air-velocity effect within their test conditions. They also examined moisture adsorption under different humidity and temperature conditions. [3] The engineering implication is to test the actual formulation, pellet geometry and dryer loading before fixing a production recipe.
Request a drying trial that records inlet and outlet moisture, the moisture measurement basis, pellet temperature and moisture variation across the discharge. Specify acceptable product properties with the feed producer. Do not accept an air-temperature reading alone as proof of product quality.
How should the industrial burner system and dryer be matched?
Define direct or indirect heating first. In direct fuel-fired heating, combustion gases contact the material; indirect heating separates them from it. [4] Ask the feed producer and dryer supplier to approve the contact arrangement and assess fuel quality and contamination controls before selecting equipment.
For configuration discussions, review Heatflam’s industrial drying combustion systems. Request a project-specific scope covering the burner, fuel supply assembly, combustion air equipment, instrumentation and control interfaces.
| Selection input | Information to provide | Recommended action |
|---|---|---|
| Process duty | Wet-feed throughput; inlet and target moisture; wet- or dry-basis declaration; pellet size and formulation. | Ask for a documented mass and heat balance. |
| Operating range | Minimum, normal and maximum heat demand; start-up and recipe-change conditions. | Check burner selection at every agreed load point. |
| Air circuit | Drying-zone temperatures, airflow, pressure, recirculation and exhaust conditions. | Agree the operating envelope with the dryer supplier. |
| Utilities | Fuel composition and pressure range; electrical supply; installation environment. | Confirm component ratings and connection requirements. |
| Controls | Signals, permissives, alarms, shutdown logic and responsibility boundaries. | Approve an interface list and functional test plan. |
| Acceptance | Moisture uniformity, product quality, throughput and energy measurement conditions. | Agree sampling methods and pass/fail criteria before manufacture. |
How should heating controls interact with the drying process?
ANDRITZ’s combi-zone dryer documentation identifies individual temperature and airflow control in each zone and adjustable retention time. This is an example of commercial dryer configuration, not a specification for a Heatflam installation. [5] For integration, ask which controller owns zone-temperature demand, airflow commands and production-rate changes.
As an engineering review checklist, document the response to loss of airflow, flame failure, out-of-range fuel pressure, excessive temperature and loss of communication. Have the responsible combustion and dryer engineers approve the protection architecture and test procedures against the selected equipment and applicable requirements. This checklist does not replace a system risk assessment.
How should a thermal process solution be evaluated for energy use?
The DOE sourcebook identifies air-to-fuel control, heat containment, heat transfer and waste-heat recovery as areas for improving process heating. It also cautions that excessive air carries heat away, while insufficient excess air compromises combustion. [4] Have qualified engineers assess these opportunities across the agreed load range.
For a useful acceptance comparison, record fuel energy and auxiliary electricity separately, alongside feed throughput, inlet moisture and final moisture. State whether energy is reported per tonne of finished feed or per kilogram of water removed. Compare runs at equivalent product quality and moisture-removal duty; require a measured baseline before claiming savings.
What should international delivery to Denmark include?
A documented Danish industry example is BioMar’s Tech Centre in Brande. In its November 2024 report, BioMar describes pilot-scale testing of formulations, ingredients and processing technologies before commercial implementation. [6] The procurement lesson is to include recipe trials and product checks in the acceptance plan. This external example establishes no supplier relationship with Heatflam.
For an international combustion package, agree the following delivery stages in the purchase specification:
- Design approval: confirm scope boundaries, drawings, utilities, installation dimensions and the required technical documentation with the Danish site team.
- Factory acceptance: agree inspection records, component identification, control-function checks and which tests use simulated signals. State explicitly whether a hot test is included.
- Shipment and installation: identify preservation, lifting, reconnection, spare-parts and document requirements. Assign responsibility for field wiring, ducts and fuel connections.
- Site commissioning and product trials: verify installed interfaces, then test agreed feed recipes and operating loads. Record any outstanding items and the conditions for final acceptance.
Treat dispatch, mechanical completion, combustion commissioning and production acceptance as distinct milestones. Specify delivery responsibilities and acceptance evidence before placing the order.
Frequently Asked Questions
What burner capacity is required for fish feed drying?
Request a heat-balance calculation using throughput, moisture removal, air conditions and losses. Specify minimum and maximum duty as well as the normal operating point.
What drying temperature should we use?
Validate it with the actual feed and dryer. The cited studies describe experimental conditions and do not establish one universal production setpoint. [2] [3]
Is direct-fired heating suitable for the application?
Have the feed producer and dryer supplier approve the heating arrangement following a process and contamination assessment. Include fuel composition and product-contact requirements in the enquiry.
Does a successful factory test prove final pellet quality?
Define factory equipment checks and site product trials separately. Require acceptance evidence from the agreed recipes, moisture targets and production conditions.
What should we send to Heatflam for an initial review?
Send the fuel type and pressure, required heat output or process duty, temperature range, throughput, moisture targets, site conditions, dryer drawings and control requirements.
Send Heatflam your fuel, heat duty, process temperature, throughput, moisture targets, site conditions and control requirements. Request a technical review of the combustion package and dryer interfaces for your Denmark or other international project.
REFERENCES AND DATA SOURCES
- U.S. Department of Energy — Process Heat Basics (Accessed 2026-09-22).
- Chen et al., Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering — Drying kinetic model and hygrothermal characteristics of fish extruded feed during hot air drying (2021; 37(14): 317–322).
- Pacheco et al., Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology — Modeling of drying and adsorption isotherms of the fish feed (June 2011; 54(3)).
- U.S. Department of Energy — Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Second Edition (Accessed 2026-09-22; sections 1–2).
- ANDRITZ — Combi-zone dryer (Accessed 2026-09-22).
- BioMar — Advancing the future of aquafeed development (Published 2024-11-27).